INTRODUTION
The Nipah virus made its first appearance during the 1998 outbreak, affecting pig farmers in Malaysia. Its name is derived from the location of its discovery.
Though Nipah outbreaks are infrequent, the World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized it, along with diseases like Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19, as a priority for research due to its potential for a global epidemic.
Typically, Nipah is transmitted to humans through animals, contaminated food, or direct human-to-human contact. Fruit bats, natural carriers of the virus, are believed to be the primary source of subsequent outbreaks.
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SYMPTOMS OF NIPAH VIRUS
Symptoms of Nipah include high fever, vomiting, respiratory issues, and in severe cases, seizures and brain inflammation leading to a coma.
Regrettably, there is no vaccine for Nipah, and the mortality rate ranges from 40 to 75 percent depending on the public health response.
Previous outbreaks, starting with the first one in 1998-1999, resulted in over 100 fatalities in Malaysia. Drastic measures were taken, including the culling of a million pigs to contain the virus. The outbreak also reached Singapore, causing 11 cases and one death among slaughterhouse workers who had contact with pigs imported from Malaysia.